Background: Lifestyle is one of the important factors that affect human health. Today most problems of health, such as obesity, cancer, hypertension and disease and resulted mortality are associated with lifestyle. The aim of the present study was to compare the lifestyle of military personnel and civilians.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was conducted with 200 people, including 100 military and 100 civilians in Tehran. Convenience sampling method was used to selected subjects. Lifestyle questionnaire developed by researchers in four main dimensions (nutrition, stress, smoking and physical activity) was used to collect research data.

Results: The mean age of the military group was 40.1 (5.58) and in non-military group was 40.46 (5.52) years. Optimal amount of carbohydrates, fruits, fat consumption of and the mean of physical activity were higher in the military group. However, optimal amount of protein consumption and the mean of stress levels and smoking were higher in non-military (p<0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of dairy products consumption between two groups.

Conclusion: According to the importance of lifestyle in personal health and the necessity of paying attention to all aspects of military and civilian lifestyle, we suggest organized and comprehensive interventions which are consistent with the condition of subjects.