نشریه علمی پژوهشی طب انتظامی Journal of Police Medicine
Volume 13, Issue 1 (2024)
J Police Med 2024, 13(1) |
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Shirzad O, Shayganfard M, Taji H. Comparative Study of the Establishment and Application of Health and Safety Regulations in the Legal System of Iran and the European Union. J Police Med 2024; 13 (1)
URL: http://jpmed.ir/article-1-1304-en.html
URL: http://jpmed.ir/article-1-1304-en.html
1- Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
2- Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. ,drshayganfard@mshdiau.ac.ir
2- Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. ,
English Extended Abstract: (940 Views)
Aims: This research conducts a comparative study of the criminal policy of Iran and the European Union in the field of occupational health and safety regulations in order to identify the similarities and differences between the two systems and provide solutions to strengthen Iran's legal structure.
Materials and Methods: In this mixed-method comparative-analytical study (qualitative and quantitative), criminal policy in Iran and the European Union was examined. Data were collected through legal and judicial documents, statistical reports (including statistics from the Iranian Ministry of Labor 1402 and EU-OSHA 2023), and semi-structured interviews with experts. Also, previous studies were extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases with keywords such as criminal policy, comparative law, and legal risk management. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis, comparative matrix, and statistical tests in SPSS software, and the validity of the research was ensured through triangulation and expert review.
Findings: The findings show that the EU criminal policy in the area of health and safety has a multi-layered, risk-based structure based on civil liability and heavy financial penalties; in contrast, the Iranian legal system is rule-based and focused on criminal punishment (imprisonment) and individual responsibility. This difference in approach has led to the higher efficiency of the European system in key indicators such as a low rate of occupational accidents (2.1 vs. 23.4 in Iran) and a significant reduction in violations (42% vs. 11%).
Conclusion: While the European Union emphasizes collective responsibility and participatory criminal policy, Iran focuses on individual responsibility and public participation is limited. However, both systems share similarities in the lack of a single, codified law and the adoption of preventive policies such as monitoring and education. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that designing coherent rules has a fundamental disadvantage and a systematic system in this area should be established in order to more effectively implement legal and preventive measures in the field of health and safety.
Materials and Methods: In this mixed-method comparative-analytical study (qualitative and quantitative), criminal policy in Iran and the European Union was examined. Data were collected through legal and judicial documents, statistical reports (including statistics from the Iranian Ministry of Labor 1402 and EU-OSHA 2023), and semi-structured interviews with experts. Also, previous studies were extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases with keywords such as criminal policy, comparative law, and legal risk management. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis, comparative matrix, and statistical tests in SPSS software, and the validity of the research was ensured through triangulation and expert review.
Findings: The findings show that the EU criminal policy in the area of health and safety has a multi-layered, risk-based structure based on civil liability and heavy financial penalties; in contrast, the Iranian legal system is rule-based and focused on criminal punishment (imprisonment) and individual responsibility. This difference in approach has led to the higher efficiency of the European system in key indicators such as a low rate of occupational accidents (2.1 vs. 23.4 in Iran) and a significant reduction in violations (42% vs. 11%).
Conclusion: While the European Union emphasizes collective responsibility and participatory criminal policy, Iran focuses on individual responsibility and public participation is limited. However, both systems share similarities in the lack of a single, codified law and the adoption of preventive policies such as monitoring and education. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that designing coherent rules has a fundamental disadvantage and a systematic system in this area should be established in order to more effectively implement legal and preventive measures in the field of health and safety.
Article Type: Analytic Review |
Subject:
Police Health
Received: 2024/07/6 | Accepted: 2024/10/8 | Published: 2024/12/3
Received: 2024/07/6 | Accepted: 2024/10/8 | Published: 2024/12/3
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