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Background: Analysis of the nucleotide composition of the mitochondrial control regions HV1 , HV2 and the SNPs in the coding region are routinely and widely used in differentiation of populations, ethnic groups and individuals. The speed of the nucleotide variation in the sequence of the mitochondrial control regions are at least ten times more than the nuclear genome and uniparental (maternal) inheritance. These characteristics are utilized in anthropology, criminal and judicial investigations such as identifying unrecognized corpse and human remains. The present report is the result of haplogrouping of a Kurdish population, inhabitants of Kermanshah and its suburbs, as part of a broader research to identify the haplogroups of Iranians. Materials and Methods: DNA was extracted from 2 ml whole blood from 87 individuals of Kurdish origin living in Kermanshah and its suburbs. The mitochondrial HV1 and HV2 control regions were sequenced following PCR amplification. The sequence data were compared with Cambridge Reference Sequence, and by using ClustalX program haplogrouping was achieved. For differentiating between H and U haplogroups, the status of two coding SNPs of 7028 and 12308 were also determined by PCR-RFLP. Results: In 87 studied mitochondrial DNA samples 262 nucleotide variants were identified in HV1 region alone. The identified haplogroups were as follows according to their frequency preponderance: J,H,U,L3a and T. Conclusion: In this Kurdish population Eurasian haplogroups were predominant, although African haplogroup was present at a lower frequency. The findings of this study can also be used as a database for Iranian populations.

Keywords: mitochondrial genome, haplotypes, haplogroups, Kurdish population

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