نشریه علمی پژوهشی طب انتظامی Journal of Police Medicine
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Volume 1, Issue 3 (7-2012)
Background: The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of workfamily conflict of working mothers on anxiety disorders in their children and to compare anxiety disorders in children who their mothers work in military hospitals with civilian hospitals. In this research anxiety disorders includes 5 anxiety subtype (Separation, generalized, school phobia, somatization and social). Materials and Methods: This study is a casual-comparison that was performed among 176 working mothers who have children with ages between 8-12 in six military and civilian hospitals in city of Kerman, Iran. The data has obtained from 44 cases in military and 132 case in civilian hospitals. The SCARED and Work-Family Conflict questionnaires were used. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), inferential statistical methods (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation with using SPSS version 19. Results: Obtained results showed that there is a significant difference between work-family conflicts of working mothers with anxiety disorders of their children in 5 levels. Also the results revealed that there was not any interactive effect between work-family conflict of working mothers in military and civilian hospitals with their children’s anxiety disorders. Moreover, the result showed that anxiety disorders in children that their mothers work in civilian hospitals was more than military hospitals. Conclusion: Despite of interactive effect of work-family conflicts on anxiety disorders was not significant in military and civilian hospitals all of their children showed some symptoms of this anxiety disorders .work-family conflicts of working mothers specially in hospitals and effect on anxiety disorders on their children should be managed to decreased the conflicts and their effects on family.
Volume 3, Issue 3 (12-2014)
Background: The present study was conducted in order to compare the self-concept and family emotional condition among delinquent adolescents who stay in Ahvaz adolescent’s correction center with a normal control group.
Materials and Methods: This investigation is a descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study. Our population includes all delinquent boys who stayed in Correction and Nurturance Center of Ahvaz in addition to all of the high school students from four educational regions in Ahvaz city, during 92-91 school year. 60 participants were randomly selected and assigned in two groups (n=30). Hill Bern family emotional condition scale and Self-Perception Scale (from Mandaglio & Pyryt) were used to measure research variables. To compare two groups, data were analyzed with independent t-test.
Results: The results showed that there is significant difference between two normal and delinquent groups of adolescents in terms of family emotional condition and self-concept.
Conclusion: According to our findings, it seems that inappropriate family emotional climate effects on self-concept formation in delinquent adolescents.
Volume 3, Issue 3 (12-2014)
Background: The aim of current study was to compare the dimension of family functions among addicts and normal people.
Materials and Methods: A total number of 50 available addicts and 50 normal people were selected in the city of Tabriz. Data were gathered by administering the demographic characteristics and health-related quality of life questionnaires. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 software package, using multivariate analysis (MANOVA).
Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between addicts and normal people regarding to the components of family functions and performances (problem solving, communication, roles, affective involvement, and behavior control), so that they lead to the family dysfunction of addicted people, but there were no significant differences between the groups in the case of emotional solidarities.
Conclusion: The study indicated that it is very important to prevent the family from addiction.
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Background: Due to egocentrism and misapprehension of adolescents to their behaviors, adolescence is considered as an important phase for beginning high risk behaviors. This study aimed to comparison of high risk behaviors among military and unmilitary families’ adolescents.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1251 female and male adolescents of military & unmilitary families were selected through cluster sampling method and were assessed by Iranian Adolescent Risk-Taking Scale (IARS). Data was analyzed with SPSS-19 and using descriptive statistics and independent sample T-test.
Results: According to study results, 23.4 percent’s of adolescents of military families’ and 26.4 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary families were at high risk of risky driving. Furthermore 19.8 percent’s of the adolescents of military and 26.2 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary were at high risk in sexual relationship, 7.7 percent’s of military and 12.7 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary in aggression, 5.5 percent’s of adolescents of military and 9.6 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary in alcohol use, 7 percent’s of adolescents of military and 7.3 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary in cigarette use and 2.7 percent’s of adolescents of military and 3.7 percent’s of adolescents of unmilitary in drug abuse.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was a significant difference between adolescents of military families’ and adolescents of unmilitary families’ in high risk behavior. The two risky behaviors of driving and sexual behavior which are highly prevalent are as essential as addiction for adolescents’ health. It seems necessary to perform preventing programs for school age children and to provide adolescents and their parents with proper instructions about high risk behaviors.
Volume 5, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Background: Addiction is one of the most important social harms, that seriously threatens society, particularly the young generation. It endangers the individual, family and society health and also leads to mental and moral corruption. The present research was designed by the aim of investigating the role of family’s function in prediction of tendency to drugs among students.
Materials and Methods: The present study is descriptive and correlational. The population of this research includes all the high school boy students in Karaj city in the academic year of 1392-93, which included 15000 students. Based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, the number of the sample was determined as 375 individuals, which were selected through a multistage cluster sampling. The data collection was performed through addiction potential scale of Weed et al. (APS) (1992) and family assessment devise (FAD) of Epstein et al, (1983). For analyzing the data, methods of Pearson correlation and step-by-stem regression were used, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS v. 18.
Results: Findings showed that in families of 14.4% of the individuals, there is an addiction background, and in 6/85% there is no addiction background in the family. The correlation results showed that the components of problem-solving and affection expression have a negative and significant relationship with tendency to addiction, and their values are – 0.197 and – 0. 144 (P > 0.05). Also, the relationship between the component of role and tendency to addiction was not significant (P > 0.05). The results of step-by-step regression also indicated that the components of problem solving and affection expression explain 0.074 of the differences in tendency to addiction and the effect size of each of these variables in the regression equation is 0.324 and 0.225, respectively.
Conclusion: Regarding the importance of the role of family’s function in drug tendency among students, the results of the present study can be useful in the context of planning and making appropriate policies for the purpose of promoting educational programs to families and their students.
Volume 5, Issue 4 (1-2017)
Background: Today, promotion of drugs is one of the adolescents' problems. Because of easy access and consumption in synthetic drugs, the tendency to use them has increased among adolescents. The main purpose of the study is to examine the mediator role of the police in relationship between family support and social support among adolescent addicts living in Hormozgan (province).
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study is of correlation and path analysis type, population consisted of all adolescents between 15-20 years old who were addicted to one of drugs, then 345 available individuals were selected from addicted adolescents as a sample, data were collected through questionnaires including Parenting Styles by Bamrind(1991), Social Support by Zimet, et al. (1998) and 10 developed (self-designed) questions to understand the supportive role of police. The data were analyzed by using descriptive inferential Kolmogorov-Smirnov and path analysis tests as well as SPSS.20 software and AMOS.
Results: The coefficient of path analysis showed reverse and indirect effect of social support on careless support of family, direct effect of social support on the police support, reverse and indirect effect of the police support on careless and despotic support of family, indirect effect of the police support on strongly support of family, and finally direct effect of the social support on strongly support of family.
Conclusion: Social support is impressive for appropriate styles of family support and improving the police support of family.
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2017)
Aim: Smoking is considered as a gateway to drug use and other high-risk behaviors. The purpose of this study was to compare the causes of smoking and high-risk behaviors in smoker and non-smoker soldiers.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on soldiers of a military unit. 360 soldiers were selected by random sampling method and responded to a questionnaire on risk factors and protective substance use. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate analysis of variance.
Results: The mean of the tendency to substance use, positive attitude towards drug use, sensation-seeking, family conflicts, and sexuality in regular smokers was higher than those in the irregular smoker group and in subjects without experience of consumption was less than in the last two groups. There was a significant relationship (p<0.001) between smoking and other drugs (waterpipe, opium, cannabis, alcohol and methamphetamines).
Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is prone to high-risk behaviors and consumption of other drugs.
Volume 8, Issue 3 (7-2019)
Abstract
Aims: Work-family conflict is a kind of controversial roles that simultaneously engages people in different and incompatible demands, which is due to family and work responsibilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy on work-family conflict in personnel of NAJA
Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design was conducted among all NAJA police personnel of prevention in Markazi province in 2017 and 24 people were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tool was Netmeyer family-work conflict questionnaire. The experimental group recieved solution-focused brief therapy. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software using multivariate analysis of covariance.
Findings: The post-test mean scores of the experimental group in both types of conflicts reduced rather to pre-test. The difference of post-test scores of both groups was significant in work-family conflict (p=0.006) and family-work conflict (p=0.007).
Conclusion: Solution-focused brief therapy is effective on work-family conflict and family-work conflict in personnel of NAJA.
Volume 8, Issue 4 (10-2019)
Aims: Trust is one of fundamental preconditions for economic, social, cultural, and political development of any society. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and social and family support with social trust in prisoners.
Materials & Methods: 310 prisoners in Sepidar prison were enrolled in this study. Bar-on Emotional quotient inventory, Mary procidano and Kenneth heller’s social support questionnaire and Sharif & Safarinia social trust questionnaire were administered to collect data. Multistage regression and correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.
Findings: There was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and social and family support with social trust (P<0/01, r=0/29, 0/17). Social and family support could predict 8 percent of the variance of social trust. In addition, coping with stress, adaptation, and interpersonal skills could predict 7 percent of the variance of social trust.
Conclusion: Social trust can be upgraded by enhancing emotional intelligence and social and family support in prisoners.
Volume 10, Issue 1 (1-2021)
Aims: Commitment to marriage is of importance as a sustainable mechanism. It is one of the characteristics of successful and long-lasting marriages. Marital commitment is the strongest and most stable predictor of marital quality and stability. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of self-differentiation treatment based on Bowen’s family system theory on couples’ marital commitment.
Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with convenience sampling and one-month follow-up. The statistical population included clients who visited the counseling centers of Greater Tehran Police Command in the last quarter of 2018 and the first quarter of 2019. The sample included 30 couples, randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups (allocation ratio of 1:1). Marital commitment Questionnaire (Adams & jones, 1997) was utilized. The couples in the intervention group received ten 60-minute sessions of self-differentiation treatment by the researcher based on Bowen’s treatment system as group therapy over three months. The control group received no treatment. The follow-ups in both groups were performed after one month. The data analysis was done in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up through repeated measures analysis of variance and mixed design.
Findings: The results indicated that the self-differentiation treatment was significantly effective in promoting marital commitment among couples of the intervention group compared to the controls (p=0.001). Furthermore, the results of the mixed design analysis indicated that the implementation of the independent variable was meaningful on all three components of Personal Commitment (p=0.001), structure Commitment (p=0.001) and Moral Commitment (p=0.004). This intervention’s results were also significant at the follow-up stage.
Conclusion: The self-differentiation treatment intervention based on Bowen’s family system theory effectively improved the couples’ marital commitment in the intervention group compared to the control group. The results of this research can be used in intervention planning with an emphasis on the role and importance of self-differentiation in the family to promote marital commitment and prevent couples from betraying each other, achieving timely prevention of divorce and emotional divorce picked up.
Volume 10, Issue 4 (10-2021)
Materials & Methods: This research is a descriptive correlational study. Participants statistical of the present study include 250 soldiers of military in Maraghe, Iran at 2020 that have been selected by simple random sampling. Following the issuance of the necessary permits and the consent of the authorities, the objectives of the investigation were presented to all participants and the questionnaires were distributed by the staff. Miller and Smith vulnerability to stress questionnaire (with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89 and a convergent validity of 0.7), Bhargava and Singh emotional maturity scale (with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and a convergent validity of 0.88), Neff self-compassion scale (with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.8 and a convergent validity of 0.91) and Fitzpatric family communication patterns questionnaire (with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.69 and a convergent validity of 0.86) were used for data collection. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis tests using SPSS and Amos version 24.
Findings: The results indicated that emotional maturity and self-compassion in interaction with the role of family communication patterns are involved in explaining the models of vulnerability to stress in soldiers, in which case the variance of vulnerability to stress in soldiers through variables of the model is explained by 28% in total. The direct effect of self-compassion (-0.15), emotional immaturity (0.5) and conversation orientation (-0.16) were significant in estimating vulnerability to stress (P<0.05). Also, the results of the Sobel test showed that the indirect effects of self-compassion (t-value = 2.84) and emotional immaturity (t-value = 2.93) through conversation orientation on vulnerability to stress were significant (P<0.05). But, the indirect effects of self-compassion and emotional immaturity through conformity orientation on vulnerability to stress was not significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the direct and indirect effects of the exogenous and mediating variables on endogenous, it can be concluded that vulnerability to stress can be reduced by enhancing emotional maturity, self-compassion and conversation orientation.
Volume 11, Issue 1 (5-2022)
… [1]. Due to the lack of information related to the disease, the lack of understanding of the patient's needs and the lack of knowledge about how to care for the patient, the families of the patients do not have the necessary efficiency in providing adequate care [2]. … [3]. Education with a family-centered approach is a process in which family members are trained to increase their skills and abilities to help the sick family member [4]. ... [5, 6]. Different texts have other multiple consequences for the implementation of family-centered care including improving the psychological conditions of children and families, attachment increase, reducing the hospitalization time of patients, increasing the satisfaction of families, patients and healthcare personnel, reducing stress and restlessness, reducing negative effects of hospitalization, reducing stay in intensive care units as well as hospitals, and increasing satisfaction in the family [3, 7, 8]. A clinical trial study in France showed that improving relationships and support of family members in intensive care units can significantly reduce depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder [9]. ... [10]. In a review of parental participation in the care of hospitalized children, Power Frank stated that nurses usually have a good attitude towards parents' participation in care. However, due to the limitations of professional rules, they are reluctant to hand over some routine daily tasks [11]. With numerous advantages, this approach has been neglected in Iran, and less emphasis and attention has been paid to it. ... [12, 13].
AIM(S)
The present study was conducted to review recent studies in the field of family-centered care approach.
RESEARCH TYPE
This research is a review study.
RESEARCH SOCIETY, PLACE & TIME
The statistical population of this review study was the articles of 2000-2021 that investigated the approach of family-centered care.
SAMPLING METHOD AND NUMBER
Searching in Persian articles was done using the keywords family-centered approach and family-centered care and using the keywords Family-centered approach, Family-based centered, and Family-centered care in English articles. English articles were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Persian ones were searched in SID and Magiran databases. Repeated and unrelated cases after the initial screening were excluded from the studies in the next step. The screening criteria included the lack of relationship between the article to the topic and removing articles that were published in both Persian and English versions. All the articles containing the mentioned keywords in their titles or abstracts were included in the initial list in the next step. Then a checklist of the necessary information of the study, including the name of the author, the time of the study, the sample size, and the results of the study was prepared for the final evaluation. After reviewing the articles that met the inclusion criteria, the final articles obtained were reviewed by researchers. To select related articles, the article quality tool called Prisma Checklist was used [14] (Diagram 1).
ETHICAL PERMISSION
Ethical permission was observed at all levels of the research, and no seizure was made by the researchers while conducting the research. The code of ethics related to this study was also received from Baqiyatllah University of Medical Sciences as IR.BMSU.REC.1400.05.
FINDING by TEXT
Among 265 articles, after searching and screening, the final analysis was done on 100 articles. Many summarized studies related to the family-centered care approach were shown in table 1. Based on this table, the different effects of the family-centered approach can be categorized in different studies. The reviewed studies included nine descriptive-cross-sectional studies, 18 quasi-experimental studies, 60 randomized clinical trial studies, and 13 qualitative research studies. The findings showed that the most important effects of the family-centered approach included increasing the quality of life, the satisfaction of patients and families, improving the clinical outcomes of newborns, reducing anxiety and stress, separating from mechanical ventilation, improving hemodynamic conditions, and increasing the participation of families. Increasing the quality of life: Among the founded studies, 6 investigated the quality of life [15-20]. According to the World Health Organization, quality of life means a person's perception of his/her life situation and attention to the culture in which he/she lives and is related to his/her goals and priorities in life which affects the physical and mental activity of the person and his/her role in society [7]. There is a belief that living well leads to a longer life. For this reason, the concept of quality of life has attracted more attention in recent decades in medical science research. Today, most health-related quality-of-life studies emphasize examining patient care outcomes. After being discharged from the hospital, these patients often experience many problems, such as pain, fatigue, intolerance to activity, sleep disorders, wound care issues, anxiety, depression, and fear of their future condition, which significantly affect their quality of life [21]. Increasing the satisfaction of patients and families: Among the obtained studies, 31 have investigated the satisfaction of patients and their families [22-50, 3]. Patient satisfaction in improving the quality of health care services is one of the most influential factors in the quality of services. Patient satisfaction is evaluated through the recent experience of patients in the hospital. Family satisfaction indicates the extent to which health professionals meet the family's needs and expectations and may be influenced by family-related factors such as attitudes toward life and death and social, cultural, and religious backgrounds as well as patient-related factors such as the severity of the disease, the hospital's infrastructure and the care process [31]. One of the keys to caring is satisfaction with the care provided. Satisfaction is essential not only for patients but also for their families [10]. Improving the clinical outcomes of newborns: Among the founded studies, 13 ones have investigated the clinical outcomes of newborns [51-62]. Underweight and premature babies are at risk and experience many physical and mental problems. Their physiological characteristics require basic care to continue life and achieve normal growth and development. One of these cases is hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit [63]. Since hospitalization is a stressful experience for the baby and parents, special attention has been paid to it in recent years. One of the most effective ways to prevent injuries and damages caused by hospitalization is the active involvement of parents in the care of the baby because it improves parents' ability and reduces the re-hospitalization rate [64]. Family-centered care in Intensive Care Units for newborns has caused the family to be involved in care and decision-making since the baby's birth. So parents are considered primary caregivers and cooperate with health workers [65]. Reducing anxiety and stress: Among the founded studies, 13 have investigated anxiety and stress [9, 25, 76-67]. One of the causes of severe anxiety in the family is facing life-changing conditions such as the hospitalization of one of the family members [25]. Illnesses and accidents that lead to the hospitalization of a patient in the Intensive Care Unit are usually life-threatening and lead to the anxiety of family members. Fear of the patient's death, financial concerns, role changes, and changes in daily life are sources of anxiety for the patients' families [66]. The high level of anxiety in the family of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit is due to factors such as not being familiar with the environment and advanced equipment of the hospital, lack of trust in the hospital staff, lack of response to treatment and dissatisfaction with care [44]. Separation from mechanical ventilation and improvement of hemodynamic conditions: Among the founded studies, six investigated hemodynamic conditions in patients with mechanical ventilation [77-82]. The process of isolating the patient from the mechanical ventilator is essential. Because if the patient does not have a stable hemodynamic condition, it will cause adverse effects for the patient. In recent years, many non-pharmacological methods have been recommended to reduce the complications of mechanical ventilation treatment. One of these methods is the family-centered care approach. Increasing the participation of families: Among the founded studies, six studies have investigated the effect of family participation [25, 59, 86-83]. The educational participation of families can provide a suitable basis for improving the clinical condition of patients. Ezzati stated that families' supportive presence and participation in the Intensive Care Unit cause positive patient recovery changes [84].
MAIN COMPARISION to the SIMILAR STUDIES
In line with the results of the present study, Qavidel and Shabani have stated in their studies that family-centered education for coronary artery bypass surgery patients has improved their quality of lives [15, 87]. In Lindenfelser's study, music therapy has been introduced as one of the approaches to family-centered care in children who spend their final life levels [17]. Wright and Ferrando stated that factors such as age, ethnicity, relationship with the patient and the number of patient visits affected the satisfaction of the companions and factors such as age, the severity of the disease, the length of the patient's stay in the hospital and invasive ventilation affected the satisfaction of the patients. [31, 45]. Heyland claims that variables related to overall satisfaction include completeness of the information received, respect for the patient and family members, and quality of health care [42]. Karlsson et al. believe that in addition to the mentioned factors, the skill of the ICU personnel and their behavior with the patient and family are important in increasing satisfaction [88]. Some researchers have stated that implementing family-centered programs have increased the satisfaction of patients and their families in the intensive care unit. Therefore, it is useful to implement this approach in the intensive care unit. [22-24, 26, 44, 45]. In general, it can be said that efforts to improve interaction and communication with families, emotional support, providing comprehensible and complete information and coordination in care, most likely lead to improvement of patient and family satisfaction and thus lead to satisfaction with the hospital, which finally, it increases the quality of service. Improvement of clinical results in infants was another effect of this method. Studies by Aliabadi and Ortenstrand have shown that family participation in the neonatal intensive care unit has reduced re-hospitalization and visits to the doctor and significantly reduced the average duration of hospitalization [59, 60]. Skene considered family-centered effects as sharing information with parents, family support, the possibility of parents' participation and improving the competence of supporting parents in care [61]. According to the results of Cooper's study, implementing this approach in the neonatal intensive care unit has made mothers feel less stressed, comfortable, aware and more confident, and more importantly, it has increased parental support in the neonatal intensive care unit by nurses [66]. Simeone et al. have concluded that the implementation of family-centered care before surgery for children with congenital heart has significantly reduced anxiety in parents by explaining the medical equipment and the treatment process [74]. Some researchers believe that this approach has reduced anxiety in the families of patients admitted to the intensive care unit [66, 68, 75]. Shoushi has also stated that this approach has reduced depression, anxiety and stress in the families of open-heart surgery patients [70]. However, Imanipour's study on the families of heart surgery patients found that informational support, orientation tour and provision of educational booklets did not reduce the anxiety of the patient on the day of discharge from the ICU [29], which is not in line with the findings of this study. Also, in Bailey's study, there was no significant relationship between informational support and family anxiety of patients admitted to the ICU [89]. Chien showed in a semi-experimental study in the intensive care unit that the anxiety level in the patient's families in the intervention group decreased compared to the control group and was associated with increased family satisfaction. However, it caused anxiety in family members [33], which is inconsistent with the study's results. It can be said that the increase in anxiety and stress resulting from this approach is because the family does not have enough information about the disease, the treatment process, the department's environment and the ward's complex equipment, and they feel anxious when they are asked for an opinion. Therefore, the participation of family members of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit in the care program has an effective role in reducing the anxiety of family members and improving the process of caring for patients. Early separation from mechanical ventilation and improvement of hemodynamic conditions are other effects of this approach. Safaeipour stated in his thesis that family-centered care reduced the time of isolation from mechanical ventilation in patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery [77]. Some researchers have reported that the fear of the unknown caused an increase in hemodynamic indicators, including blood pressure, heartbeat, and breathing. At the same time, implementing this approach improved hemodynamic symptoms and reduced hospitalization in the intensive care unit. The reason for this could be the lower anxiety of patients in the intervention group compared to the control group [4, 80, 82]. Also, Azimi Lolati has shown that visiting family members and friends led to a decrease in a heartbeat, breathing and more oxygen saturation in patients hospitalized in CCU. Also, meeting with family and friends can improve the feeling of well-being in MI patients and reduce their anxiety [82]. Hosseini Azizi et al. stated about the effect of family support on the recovery process of concussion patients in the intensive care unit that this approach has accelerated the recovery process of the patient. Also, solving the concerns among nurses and correcting their beliefs has provided the basis for using the benefits of family presence [90].
LIMITATIONS
The limitation of the study was the impossibility of accessing the full text of some articles, so they were not included in the study.
SUGGESTIONS
Due to the frequency of studies in this field, it is vital to conduct a meta-analysis study in this regard. It is suggested that nursing managers implement family-centered care, especially in children's and Intensive Care Units. It is also necessary that its various dimensions be studied and evaluated in universities and research centers; according to Iranian culture and society, and its hidden symptoms be identified, and the field for applying this approach in public and private medical centers be provided.
CONCLUSIONS
The current research showed that implementing family-centered approach increases the quality of life, and satisfaction of patients and families, improves the clinical results of newborns, reduces anxiety and stress, separates them from mechanical ventilation, and increases the participation of families. According to the findings and positive effects of this approach as a valuable and low-cost solution, it can be used as a scientific solution for more participation of patients and families in Iran's rehabilitation and treatment centers. Therefore, according to the mentioned materials, with a little expense, using different specialties, supporting the family, and involving the patient, the conditions for empowering the family can be provided
CLINICAL& PRACTICAL TIPS in POLICE MEDICINE
Teaching the principles of family-centered care creates group motivation, increases the quality of life, creates independence, and makes patients and families of the armed forces not dependent on health care providers.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This article results from a part of the Ph.D. dissertation in the Faculty of Nursing of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. The financial and moral support of the Research and Technology directorate of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences and the Research Center of the Health and Treatment directorate of the Police Headquarters of the Islamic Republic of Iran are gratefully acknowledged for this project.
CONFLICT of INTEREST
The authors state that the present study has no conflict of interest.
FUNDING SOURCES
This article was written with the financial support of the directorate of Research and Technology of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences and the Research Center of the directorate of Health and police Headquarters of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Figure 1) The process of reviewing and selecting the articles included in the study
| Authors (year) | Year | Type of research | Aim | Data collection method | Conclusion |
| Verma A et al [53] | 2017 | Clinical trial | Investigating the effect of family-centered care on the rate of hospital infection in infants | educational videos | By implementing the principles of family-centered care, the rate of breastfeeding improved before the discharge |
| Safaeipour et al. [77] | 2017 | Clinical trial | Determining the effect of family-centered care on the duration of isolation from mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing CABG | The researcher-made tool includes: demographic information and a form related to the intubation and extubation of patients | Family-centered care reduced the duration of isolation from mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing coronary surgery. |
| Farnia F et al. [23] | 2014 | Clinical trial | The effect of family-centered care on family satisfaction of patients hospitalized in special adult care | A researcher-made questionnaire including demographics and family satisfaction with the quality of care | Family-centered care led to an increase in family satisfaction. |
| Lv B et al [51] | 2019 | semi experimental | Investigating the effect of family-centered care on the clinical outcomes of low birth weight infants | Parents demographic questionnaire | The weight of babies and the amount of breastfeeding increased in the intervention group at the time of discharge (p<0.001). |
| Nohi, Karbalaizadeh and Abazari [25] | 2015 | Clinical trial | Investigating the effect of participation and family-centered care on the anxiety of mothers of children with gastrointestinal infection | Demographic information questionnaire and Spielberger standard anxiety questionnaire | After the intervention, the mean score of overt anxiety significantly decreased in the test group compared to before the intervention (p>0.015). |
| He S-W et al. [52] | 2018 | Before and after intervention | Evaluation of the effect of family-centered care on the clinical outcomes of premature infants | Questionnaire and implementation of family-centered care interventions | The study results show that family-centered care improved the clinical outcomes of preterm infants. |
| Shushi et al. [70] | 2017 | Semi-experimental | Investigating the effect of family-centered care program implementation on depression, anxiety and stress of family caregivers of open heart surgery patients | DASS21 questionnaire | Family-centered care program reduces depression, anxiety and stress of patient caregivers |
| Karimi et al. [79] | 2017 | Clinical trial | The effect of family orientation program on hemodynamic indicators | Questionnaire of demographic information and clinical characteristics, hemodynamic status form and hospitalization data | After the intervention, the hemodynamic indices and hospital stay in the intervention group were lower than the control group (p<0.001). |
| Ghavidel et al. [15] | 2015 | experimental | and length of hospitalization in patients with coronary artery disease | SF-12 quality of life questionnaire | After the intervention, the quality of life scores of the test group increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.0001). |
Volume 12, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Materials and Methods: This qualitative study of contract content analysis was conducted in Tehran in 1402. The tools for collecting experiences were open questions and semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to identify the participants. The selection of samples was done by observing the principle of maximum diversity to achieve a diverse range of experiences. Sampling continued until information saturation, with no formation of classes and subclasses and new information. Qualitative data analysis was performed using the four stages of content analysis of Elo and Kyngäs (2008). Lincoln and Guba's four acceptability criteria were used to strengthen the results.
Findings: In this study, 15 participants, including four family members of patients, four nurses, and seven managers of the studied hospital with an average age of 49.53±12.09 years and an average years of service of 16.73±10.22 years participated. The results consisted of four classes: barriers related to the family, barriers related to the treatment team, barriers related to the physical structure of the department, and organizational barriers; 13 subclasses and 21 codes were formed.
Conclusion: Using solutions such as holding training workshops on communication skills with patients and families, anger control methods, and allocating funds to create favorable changes in the physical space of the ICU and providing nurses can help effectively implement this approach
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